ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE HORN OF AFRICA

The Horn of Africa is home to a remarkable mosaic of peoples, languages, and cultures. Its intriguing  prehistory provides insights into the major issues surrounding human origins, early food production, and state development.  Fossil evidence reveals the  region to be the home of some of our earliest human ancestors 5.8 million years ago, the first stone tool technology 2.6 million years ago, as well as the first anatomically modern humans dating to 130,000 years ago.  While the region is rich in paleoanthropological studies little research has focused on the origins of food production in the region. Yet, biogeography and linguistic reconstructions suggest that the Horn is one of the eight centers of plant domestication in Africa including, enset, teff, finger millet, ch'at, and coffee.   The early states of Aksum and Adulis controlled the trade of obsidian, spices, incense, myrrh, wild animals, ivory, and gold from the interior of Africa. They constructed incredible monoliths over the burials of their elite, constructed dressed-stone architecture, invented an indigenous script (Ge'ez), coinage, and  adopted Christianity in the 1st century AD. Today, peoples in the region speak more than 80 languages of the Cushitic, Semitic, Omotic, Niger-Congo, Sudanic, and EthioSemitic language families. They  provide a rich and varied source for ethnoarchaeological studies, which seek to understand a broad range of cultures with a variety of ideologies, practices, and material forms.

 

Bibliographies

Archaeology of the Horn

Ethnoarchaeology of the Horn

Paleoanthropological Studies 

 

For Papers not listed above see:

Journal of Ethiopian Studies

Annales de Ethiopie

Aethiopica 

 

Researchers working in the Horn

(alphabetical order)

John W. Arthur University of South Florida St. Petersburg

Berhane Asfaw  Rift Valley Research Services, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Kathryn Bard Boston University

Steven A. Brandt University of Florida

Matthew Curtis  University of California

Catherine D'Andrea Simon Frasier University

Rudolfo Fattovich Istituto Universitario Orientale Napoli, Italy

Xaiver Gutherz University Montpellier

Elisabeth Hildebrand Washington University

Roger Joussaume CNRS, France

Josephine Lesur CNRS, France

Diane Lyons University of Calgary

Sada Mire Institute of Archaeology, University College London

Agazi Negash Mak Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

David Phillipson Cambridge University

Laurel Phillipson Cambridge University

Sileshi Semaw Indiana University 

Peter Schmidt University of Florida

Gen Suwa Tokyo University

Larry Todd Colorado State University

Kathryn Weedman University of South Florida, St. Petersburg

Tim White University of California Berkeley

 

 

Ethiopia Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage

National Museum of Ethiopia PO Box 76, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

National Museum of Eritrea PO Box 5284, Asmara, Eritrea

 

 

Please send additions to bibliographies and researchers names to:

kjw@stpt.usf.edu